How does the soil affect the development and ripening of the grapes and how does this effect vary between soils?      Water balance, aeration and temperature regime of the soil are the most important influencing factors. Does the soil warm quickly or slowly? Can the soil provide the plants with enough water? Are water, nutrients and minerals available when they are needed by the plant?      Riesling grapes must ripen slowly for high sugar and substance levels and intense aromas. The climate during the year, meaning the intensity and distribution of rain and temperature determines the character of the vintage. However, each site varies with respect to the microclimate as well as water and nutrient supply. This is why grapes never ripen uniformly. Core soil properties such as texture and cation supply can have a measurable effect on the qualities of the wine. This applies in particular to the extract content and acidity of the wine, as well as the development of aromas.